Rows of solar panels in a large outdoor solar energy farm under a clear blue sky, capturing sunlight for renewable electricity generation.

Cleantech Factsheet

Written by Mahnoor Abdul Basit

Clean technology, also known as cleantech, refers to products, services, and processes that use renewable materials and energy sources, reduce emissions and waste, and have a minimal impact on the environment. In Pakistan, cleantech is crucial for addressing environmental challenges, enhancing energy security, and fostering sustainable economic growth.

Pakistan’s Energy Landscape[1]

  • Pakistan’s energy sector relies heavily on fossil fuels. The country has a total installed power generation capacity of approximately 41,000 MW, with 65% of it coming from fossil fuel sources. (United Nations Development Program)
  • The demand for energy is rising by 8-10% annually, driven by population growth and urbanization. Despite a surplus capacity of 12,000 MW, the country is not able to supply grid-based electricity to over 23 percent of the population.
  • The country is facing significant energy challenges, including high costs and energy shortages.More than 40 million Pakistanis remain without electricity, and half the population lacks access to clean cooking facilities that use cleaner fuels or modern stoves.
  • Pakistan also faces environmental challenges including rising pollution levels, water scarcity, and high energy demands, driven by population growth and industrialisation.

Clean Tech Opportunities

a) Renewable Energy:

Solar, Wind, and Hydropower: Pakistan has immense potential for harnessing renewable energy, with solar and wind energy resources particularly abundant.

b) Sustainable Agriculture:

Pakistan’s agriculture sector is crucial to its economy, but traditional farming practices are resource-intensive and contribute to environmental degradation.

Precision Agriculture: Implementing cleantech solutions like sensors, drones, and AI can optimize water usage, reduce pesticide dependence, and increase yields.

Agro-solar Technologies: Dual-use systems that combine agriculture and solar energy can enable farmers to produce crops and generate electricity simultaneously.

c) Water Management:

Water scarcity is a significant issue in Pakistan, with inefficient water use in agriculture, pollution of freshwater sources, and mismanagement of water infrastructure.

Cleantech Solutions: Smart irrigation systems, water recycling, and desalination technologies can be key to managing water resources sustainably.

Hydrological Monitoring: Using IoT sensors and data analytics to track and manage water distribution in real-time.

d) Waste Management:

With increasing urbanization, waste generation has surged, leading to landfills overflowing and mismanagement of hazardous waste.

Circular Economy Practices: Encouraging recycling, upcycling, and waste-to-energy technologies can reduce landfill dependence and generate additional resources.

Biomass Energy: Using organic waste to generate bioenergy can contribute to both waste reduction and clean energy production.

 

Benefits of Clean Tech for Pakistan

Economic Growth and Job Creation: Transitioning to cleantech industries, including renewable energy, waste management, and water efficiency, could open new sectors and create jobs.

Environmental Protection: Clean tech can reduce Pakistan’s carbon footprint, slow deforestation, and prevent resource depletion, contributing to global environmental goals.

Resource Efficiency: Cleantech solutions, especially in agriculture and water management, can promote sustainable resource use, preventing future scarcity issues.

 

Challenges Faced:

Policy and Regulatory Barriers: Lack of streamlined policies, slow regulatory approvals, and inconsistent incentives impede CleanTech adoption.

Financial Constraints: High upfront capital costs, limited access to green financing, and lack of venture capital interest in CleanTech startups hinder growth.

Infrastructure Limitations: Inadequate grid infrastructure for renewable energy integration and outdated distribution systems.

Public Awareness: Limited understanding of CleanTech benefits among businesses and consumers slows the adoption of sustainable technologies.

Skills Gap: Lack of technical expertise in CleanTech innovation and maintenance impairs the sector’s scalability.

 

Government Initiatives:

Alternate and Renewable Energy Policy 2019: Targets 30% renewable energy by 2030 and offers tax incentives to CleanTech investors.(Government of Pakistan. Alternative and Renewable Energy Policy 2019).[2]

Net Metering Regulation: Allows consumers to sell surplus electricity generated from renewable sources back to the national grid.

Green Financing by State Bank of Pakistan: Offers concessional loans for renewable energy projects through various green financing schemes.

Pakistan Clean Green Initiative: Focuses on promoting sustainable urban development, water conservation, and tree plantation.

Electric Vehicle Policy: Tax exemptions and subsidies encourage local EV manufacturing, with up to 50% exemption from duty and taxes on import of HEVs ( Hybrid Electric Vehicles) . The policy aims to transition 30% of new vehicles to electric power by 2030.[3]

 

Trends and Opportunities:

The CleanTech sector in Pakistan is witnessing rapid evolution, spurred by advancements in technology and growing public awareness of environmental concerns. One emerging trend within the sector is the increasing focus on urban sustainability initiatives. Cities such as Karachi, Lahore, and Islamabad are adopting CleanTech solutions to address urban pollution, traffic congestion, and waste management issues. Smart cities powered by renewable energy, integrated waste-to-energy solutions, and sustainable infrastructure are becoming focal points for both government and private sector collaboration. For instance, several CleanTech startups are now focusing on creating smart waste management systems that use AI, IoT sensors, and data analytics to optimize waste collection, recycling, and disposal, reducing landfill reliance.

In addition, the agriculture sector in Pakistan is poised for transformation through CleanTech innovations such as vertical farming and aquaponics, which offer resource-efficient solutions to feed a growing population with minimal environmental impact. These technologies, which combine agriculture with aquaculture, not only conserve water but also provide a sustainable alternative to traditional farming. Moreover, the increased availability of affordable solar-powered water pumps is revolutionizing irrigation practices in rural areas, helping farmers reduce dependency on costly and polluting diesel pumps.

As part of Pakistan’s CleanTech future, the country’s burgeoning electric vehicle (EV) market holds significant promise. With government policies promoting EV adoption and manufacturing, Pakistan’s potential as a key player in the electric mobility market is on the rise. By supporting the local production of EVs, Pakistan is positioning itself to capitalize on global trends toward electric transportation while reducing its dependence on fossil fuels. The development of EV infrastructure, including charging stations and battery recycling facilities, will be key to realizing the full potential of this green transition.

 

The Future of Clean Tech in Pakistan:

Collaborative efforts between government bodies, the private sector, and international organizations are essential to drive the cleantech agenda forward. Innovations such as blockchain in energy distribution, AI in water management, and bio-based technologies in agriculture are likely to shape the next decade of cleantech development in Pakistan.

In Pakistan, emerging technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly being explored to address the country’s pressing energy and water challenges. Blockchain has the potential to decentralize the energy market by enabling transparent peer-to-peer (P2P) trading of excess electricity generated from solar panels, especially important in urban areas adopting rooftop solar through net metering. It can also streamline billing systems, improve grid accountability, and verify the authenticity of green energy sources, supporting Pakistan’s goal of increasing renewable energy to 30% by 2030. On the other hand, AI is proving to be a powerful tool in improving water management across sectors. In agriculture, which consumes over 90% of the country’s freshwater, AI-driven systems can analyze real-time weather, soil, and crop data to optimize irrigation schedules, significantly reducing water waste. In urban settings, AI can help monitor and detect pipeline leakages, predict consumption trends, and manage distribution systems more efficiently. Projects in provinces like Punjab and Sindh are beginning to integrate these technologies into smart farming and water governance frameworks, showing promising potential for scaling. Together, blockchain and AI represent critical tools in building a more sustainable, data-driven approach to energy and water resource management in Pakistan. Engaging local communities and raising awareness about clean technologies will accelerate adoption at the grassroots level.

Clean tech is no longer an option but a necessity for Pakistan. The country’s environmental challenges, coupled with economic and social opportunities, present a case for urgent and widespread adoption of clean technologies across energy, agriculture, water, and waste management sectors.

 

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the current scenario of CleanTech in Pakistan is marked by remarkable progress and growing recognition of its critical role in addressing environmental challenges and ensuring sustainable economic growth. As global climate concerns intensify, Pakistan is witnessing a surge in CleanTech initiatives aimed at renewable energy, waste management, water conservation, and carbon reduction. The sector is benefiting from increased investments, both local and international, along with policy incentives provided by the government to encourage green innovation.

The emphasis on public-private partnerships, international collaborations, and research-driven approaches is accelerating Pakistan’s transition toward a greener future. By fostering entrepreneurship and creating an ecosystem conducive to sustainable practices, CleanTech in Pakistan has immense potential to address pressing environmental issues while contributing to economic resilience.

 

Notable CleanTech Start-ups and Companies:

 

Reon Energy: Specializes in solar energy solutions for commercial and industrial clients.

Pantera Energy: Provides end-to-end solar power solutions, including residential and industrial projects.

EcoEnergy: Focuses on providing off-grid solar energy solutions to underserved areas.

Baykee Solar: A tech-driven solar platform offering affordable solar financing solutions.

TrashIt: Promotes recycling and composting to encourage sustainable living habits and waste reduction.

EcoPak: Offers biodegradable packaging solutions to replace single-use plastics, aiming to reduce environmental pollution

Breathe IO: Develops IoT-based portable air monitors and purifiers to improve indoor air quality, addressing urban air pollution challenges.

Jaan Pakistan: Focuses on affordable energy solutions for low-income communities, including solar thermal cookers to reduce reliance on solid fuels.

MyWater: Offers eco-friendly water purifiers utilizing advanced filtration technologies to provide sustainable drinking water solutions.

Code Green PK: An eco-friendly eCommerce platform offering reusable and sustainable products to promote zero-waste lifestyles.

SWAP BEV: Focuses on electric vehicle solutions, contributing to the development of sustainable transportation in Pakistan.

Concept Loop: Develops technology-driven solutions aimed at enhancing energy efficiency and reducing environmental impact.

 

LUMS Center for Entrepreneurship (LCE) has also launched various cleantech startups focusing on sustainable solutions for energy, waste, and water management.

Aabshar: Tackles water scarcity, Aabshar has created an optimizing nozzle that reduces up to 98% of water wastage. The nozzle is easy to attach and also saves electricity consumption by 60%, working to reduce CO2 emissions over time.

PakVitae: Developing affordable water filtration systems for rural areas, addressing Pakistan’s water contamination issues.

Suftech Innovations: Upcycles metallised plastic waste into reusable plastic, promoting a circular economy.

Bamboo Bliss/ HUME: Eco-friendly bamboo products promoting a plastic-free lifestyle.

MetaFashion: Sustainable denim brand blending tradition with eco-friendly practices.

PakVitae: Focused on providing clean drinking water, PakVitae develops affordable, gravity-based water filtration systems using nanotechnology. Their solutions are used in both rural and urban settings to address water contamination and access issues.

Gamma Green Recycle: Incentivizes recycling by offering cash rewards, helping to establish a circular economy for waste in Pakistan.

SE Drop: Focused on combating urban water waste, SE Drop develops natural, plant-based disinfectant and anti-legionella nozzle systems for municipal and industrial pipelines.

Raftar Technologies: Promotes sustainable transport solutions by optimizing urban delivery and minimizing emissions through data-driven routing.

Trash Masti: Pakistan’s first online waste‑management platform, offering door‑to‑door collection for residential and commercial clients, e‑waste and hazardous‑waste disposal, composting, recycling, and even waste‑to‑energy services.

 

The LUMS Center for Entrepreneurship (LCE) plays a pivotal role in Pakistan’s CleanTech startup ecosystem, nurturing and supporting numerous innovative ventures. Our ongoing efforts include hosting a diverse array of CleanTech startups, fostering collaboration, and forming robust partnerships with environmental organizations, research institutions, and industry leaders to drive sustainable solutions.

For further details on LCE’s initiatives and contributions in the CleanTech domain, or to be added to the list of promising CleanTech startups, please contact our team at lce@lums.edu.pk.

 

[1] United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Energy Investments: Powering Businesses & Communities. Development Advocate, vol. 11, no. 2 (June-July 2024). https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2024-07/dap_-_volume_11_issue_2_-_energy_investments_-_powering_business_and_communities.pdf.

[2] Government of Pakistan. Alternative and Renewable Energy Policy 2019. Islamabad: Government of Pakistan, 2019. https://climate-laws.org/document/alternative-and-renewable-energy-policy-2019_991c.

[3] Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan. Pakistan’s First National Electric Vehicle Policy (2019). Islamabad: Ministry of Climate Change, 2019. https://mocc.gov.pk/SiteImage/Policy/EV%20Policy%20Final.pdf.

 

 

 

August 7, 2025 Cleantech, Factsheets Comments Off on Cleantech Factsheet
The image may depict a professional setting with women engaged in discussions, working on laptops, or presenting ideas

Fact Sheet: Women in Startups and Business in Pakistan

Written by Mahnoor Basit.

Overview:

Women’s entrepreneurship has become a significant global trend, garnering substantial research interest over the past few decades. In Pakistan, women are making notable progress in the startup and business sectors, driving economic growth and social development. Despite numerous challenges, their resilience and innovation are creating a more inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem.

As Pakistani start-ups continue to flourish, the role of women in this space becomes increasingly crucial. Various Pakistani incubators and accelerators in Pakistan are actively working to support and empower female entrepreneurs, ensuring they have access to the resources and mentorship necessary for success.

Key Statistics:

  • Female Labor Force Participation: As of 2023, Pakistan’s female labor force participation rate is approximately 24%. This means that about 24% of women aged 15 and above are either employed or actively seeking employment. This is lower compared to global standards but shows gradual improvement. (World Bank Data)
  • Women-led Startups: Women-led startups represent about 10% of the startup landscape in Pakistan, a relatively low percentage highlighting the need for increased support and resources. (Women Entrepreneurs and SMEs in Pakistan, International Labour Organization, 2020)
  • Entrepreneurship Gender Gap: Only 1% of females are entrepreneurs compared to 21% of males. Moreover, according to Invest2Innovate’s report, gender disparities are prevalent in the startup ecosystem, and only 1.4% of all investments raised during the past seven years were based on women-run startups, further highlighting the gender gap.
  • Entrepreneurial Activity: Out of over 5 million small and medium enterprises in the country (State Bank of Pakistan, 2022), only 8% are owned by women, with a significant presence in micro, small, and medium enterprises. (Asian Development Bank)

Women are actively participating in Pakistan’s growing startup ecosystem, particularly in sectors like technology, e-commerce, education, and fashion. Pakistani incubators and accelerators in Pakistan are beginning to provide platforms that foster female-led businesses, but challenges remain.

Challenges Faced:

  • Access to Finance: Women entrepreneurs in Pakistan often face difficulties securing funding and investment due to traditional financial institutions’ risk aversion and gender biases. Limited collateral and lack of financial literacy impede access to loans and credit.
  • Societal Norms and Cultural Barriers: Societal expectations and traditional gender roles in Pakistani society restrict women’s ability to engage in entrepreneurial activities. Moreover, family responsibilities and mobility restrictions also pose significant challenges.
  • Lack of Networking Opportunities: Networking events and professional associations are often male-dominated, limiting women entrepreneurs’ access to mentorship and business connections.
  • Regulatory and Legal Barriers: Complex regulatory requirements and lack of awareness about business laws hinder women from formalizing and scaling their businesses.
  • Education and Training: Limited access to business education and professional training hinders the growth potential of women entrepreneurs.

Government Initiatives:

  • Women Entrepreneurs Finance Initiative (We-Fi): In collaboration with international partners, We-Fi aims to enhance access to financial services for women entrepreneurs. We-Fi and IFC are helping to strengthen the venture capital ecosystem and increase funding opportunities for high-potential women-led businesses in Pakistan.
  • Prime Minister’s Youth Business Loan Scheme: Offers low-interest loans to young entrepreneurs in Pakistan, with specific provisions for female entrepreneurs. The goal is to facilitate the establishment and expansion of women-led businesses.
  • Kamyab Jawan Program: Provides both financial and technical support to young entrepreneurs in Pakistan, with a particular focus on encouraging women to enter the entrepreneurial sector.

Success Stories:

  • Jehan Ara: President of P@SHA and founder of The Nest I/O, a technology incubator that supports young entrepreneurs in Pakistan, including many women-led startups.
  • Kalsoom Lakhani: Founder and CEO of Invest2Innovate, which supports Pakistani start-ups through its accelerator program, with a strong focus on women-led startups.
  • Sidra Qasim: Co-Founder of Markhor and Atoms, renowned for their innovative approach to footwear and entrepreneurship.

Notable Women-Led Startups and Entrepreneurs:

  • Invest2Innovate (i2i): A venture capital fund that supports early-stage Pakistani start-ups, particularly those led by women.
  • Sehat Kahani: A telemedicine platform co-founded by Dr. Sara Saeed Khurram and Dr. Iffat Zafar, connecting female doctors with patients across Pakistan.
  • She Loves Tech Pakistan: A global initiative supporting women-led tech startups through competitions and accelerators in Pakistan.

Way Forward:

  • Policy Advocacy: Advocate for policies that create a more enabling environment for women entrepreneurs, such as tax incentives, simplified registration processes, and legal support.
  • Enhance Access to Finance: Increase funding opportunities for women-led startups through dedicated grants, low-interest loans, and venture capital.
  • Provide Targeted Training and Mentorship: Develop more business training programs focused on skills development for women and establish mentorship networks connecting experienced entrepreneurs with aspiring female business owners.
  • Promote Awareness and Change Social Norms: Run awareness campaigns to challenge stereotypes and encourage family and community support for women entrepreneurs. Moreover, highlight the success stories of female entrepreneurs to inspire others.

By fostering a supportive environment for Pakistani start-ups and young female entrepreneurs in Pakistan, we can drive a more inclusive and thriving economy. Pakistani incubators and accelerators in Pakistan must continue prioritizing women’s inclusion in the entrepreneurial space to ensure a more diverse and sustainable future.

 

March 12, 2025 Factsheets Comments Off on Fact Sheet: Women in Startups and Business in Pakistan
Innovative solutions by pakistani start-ups. Picture shows a user interface for a health app

Revolutionising Healthcare: How Pakistani Start-ups can Lead the Health-Tech Wave

Author: Salman Khan Niazi

Health technology, or ‘health-tech,’ involves the use of software, hardware, and data analytics to enhance health service delivery and improve outcomes. With a large rural population and a high disease burden, Pakistani start-ups has a unique opportunity to leverage health-tech to make quality healthcare accessible to all. The COVID-19 pandemic further emphasised the importance of advanced technological solutions in healthcare, fueling the growth of health-tech among Pakistani start-ups.

The digital health market in Pakistan is forecasted to grow to $545.99 million by 2028 . The medical technology market is forecasted to grow to $946 million by 2028, with a consistent growth of 7.63 percent per year .

Medical technology encompasses a wide range of devices and procedures used to diagnose, treat, and monitor health conditions, while digital health specifically focuses on using digital tools and platforms to enhance healthcare delivery and patient care. Both these markets come under the preview of health-tech, indicating a change to the way healthcare in Pakistan has traditionally been managed.

Both the public and private sectors collaborate to offer optimal healthcare. However, the overall burden of disease has resulted in a shortfall in the delivery of high-quality care, particularly in the government sector.

Over the past decade, the government’s healthcare expenditure has been a scant 0.5-0.8% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), a figure significantly lower than the World Health Organization’s recommended 6% of GDP .

This underinvestment has been a major contributor to the challenges faced in the healthcare sector.

Despite universal health coverage being a top priority in Pakistan, the country was ranked 154th out of 195 on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index . Additionally, on the Human Capital Index, which adjusts life expectancy for education and health, Pakistan was ranked 116th out of 195 countries . This poor reality suggests a wide gap between global healthcare practices but also sheds light on the immense potential and ample opportunities for innovative solutions in health-tech to narrow inequalities and improve the status of people’s wellbeing in the country.

Opportunities in Health-Tech for Pakistani Start-ups:

In Pakistan, an estimated 63% of the population lives in rural regions, and 37% live in urban areas . Digital medicine, especially telemedicine offers a more convenient and cost-effective alternative to conventional healthcare. It also reduces the capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operation expenditures (OPEX) of running large scale clinic-based operations.

Similarly, in Pakistan, the ratio of physicians to the population stands at around 1:1127, falling short of the World Health Organization’s advised ratio of 1:1000 . Expanding the accessibility of medical providers through virtual solutions is a strategic approach to address the existing challenges within the healthcare system.

It is important to note that a significant 64 percent of the population is under the age of 30, forming a substantial user base that is receptive to innovative and internet-driven solutions .This demographic shift can benefit health-tech, as the younger generation’s familiarity with digital platforms can facilitate the adoption and utilization of advanced healthcare technologies. It should be noted that given the low internet penetration rate of 45.7%, digital literacy is far from desirable . Furthermore, given the poor enforcement of healthcare regulation and protocols in the country, it is vital that digital solutions also be monitored and regulated effectively to avoid further room for the growth of informal healthcare providers and quacks.

Renowned health-tech start-ups that are impacting global communities:

Baseimmune is a biotech start-up using deep learning AI (Artificial Intelligence) to develop vaccines that can protect against future disease mutations, addressing global health challenges like African swine fever, coronavirus, and malaria. Using deep learning AI, Baseimmune predicts future disease mutations and creates vaccines that can protect against these new variants . The startup has raised 4.2 million pounds through seed funding. They are co-developing an anti-malaria vaccine with University College London which can reduce an estimated 0.5 million deaths a year .

MiRXES, one of Singapore’s fastest-growing health tech companies, specialises in early detection tests for cancer and microRNA discoveries. Their flagship product, GASTROClear, is the world’s first molecular blood test for early detection of gastric cancer, capable of identifying around 90% of patients with Stage I and II cancers . During the pandemic, MiREX was responsible for producing a million COVID-19 test kits a week under the brand name Fortitude, which were then exported to over 40 countries worldwide. To date the startup has raised 168 million pounds and is in the series C funding stage.

Proximie aims to create a borderless operating room using augmented reality, extending the reach of a surgeon’s expertise. Currently, surgeons from over 800 hospitals in more than 50 countries use Proximie to virtually attend operating theatres and guide complex surgeries . Proximie has already been used to aid medical students in their practical education and has multi-year contracts with the UK military . Proximie also has a Global Health Initiative, through which they provide guidance, equipment, and grants to build the capacity of medical staff in developing countries . The company has raised £135 million and is in the Series C funding stage.

Success Stories of Pakistani Health-Tech Start-ups

Sehat Kahani is a teleconsultation healthcare service that exclusively employs female doctors to provide patient care. The company has launched an E-healthcare centre equipped with information and communication technologies (ICT) to connect patients with health microentrepreneurs through telemedicine software. The start-up secured $500,000 in its initial funding round, followed by $1 million in pre-Series A funding, and by the end of 2023, it successfully raised $2.7 million in a Series-A round . Sehat Kahani provided over 700,000 COVID-19 consultations and has played an instrumental role in providing healthcare for Afghan refugees and the 5.3 million internally displaced people in Pakistan .

HealthWire is a healthcare concierge service that offers specialist services and online consultations. By January 2022, they had served 5 million patients and expanded their presence to over 75 cities. They aim to reach 100 million patients by 2025. HealthWire has raised 3.5 million USD from national and international investors. They were a part of the LUMS Centre for Entrepreneurship (LCE) start-up incubation programme .

To conclude, the health-tech space, both nationally and globally, has been flourishing. Globally, the market has moved towards digitising surgical procedures and incorporating AI to create novel ideas and increase the rate of medication production. Meanwhile, Pakistan is still striving to decrease the healthcare gap between urban and rural populations through remote consultations. With clear determination, Pakistani start-ups will start contributing to the international stage soon.

 

Sources:

Shakthi Nagappan, “Health Tech: How to Harness It and Transform Healthcare,” World Economic Forum, February 13, 2024, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2024/02/health-tech-healthcare-telangana/.
Ibid
“Digital Health – Pakistan | Statista Market Forecast,” Statista, accessed April 25, 2024, https://www.statista.com/outlook/hmo/digital-health/pakistan#revenue.
“Medical Technology – Pakistan | Statista Market Forecast,” Statista, accessed April 25, 2024, https://www.statista.com/outlook/hmo/medical-technology/pakistan.
Khan, Saad Ahmed. “Situation Analysis of Health Care System of Pakistan: Post 18 Amendments.” Health Care: Current Reviews 07, no. 03 (2019). https://doi.org/10.35248/2375-4273.19.07.244.
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, “The Lancet: Pakistan Faces Double Burden of Communicable, Non-Communicable Diseases, and Persistent Inequities | the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation,” www.healthdata.org, January 18, 2023, https://www.healthdata.org/news-events/newsroom/news-releases/lancet-pakistan-faces-double-burden-communicable-non.
Ibid
The World Bank. “Rural Population (% of Total Population) – Pakistan | Data.” Worldbank.org, 2018. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS?locations=PK.
Khan, Saadega. “Sehat Kahani Is Showing Pakistan That Digital Health Services Can Change Lives – for Both Patients and Doctors | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance.” www.gavi.org, January 3, 2023. https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/sehat-kahani-showing-pakistan-digital-health-services-can-change-lives-both.
Jan, Aamir. “Demographic Dividend or Dilemma? Pakistan’s Youth and Economic Prosperity.” DAWN.COM, November 3, 2023. https://www.dawn.com/news/1785903
Simon Kemp, “Digital 2024: Pakistan,” DataReportal – Global Digital Insights, February 23, 2024, https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-pakistan.
Marco De Novellis, “25 HealthTech Startups to Watch | Founders Forum Group,” Founders Forum Group, April 3, 2023, https://ff.co/health-tech-startups-to-watch/.
Baseimmune , “Co-Development of a Malaria Vaccine,” Baseimmune.co.uk, 2021, https://www.baseimmune.co.uk/news2.html.
DC Schramm et al., “Proximie in the Operating Theatre: Evaluation of a Virtual Operating Platform for Medical Student Education,” Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, May 24, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2024.0028; João Medeiros, “This Startup Helps Self-Isolating Surgeons Work from Home,” WIRED (WIRED, May 12, 2020), https://www.wired.com/story/proximie-remote-surgeons/.
Proximie, “Global Health Initiative | Proximie Is Improving Equitable Access to Surgical Care Where the Needs Are Greatest.,” www.proximie.com, n.d., https://www.proximie.com/global-health-initiative.
Taimoor Hassan, “How Sehat Kahani Came out the Other Side of the Funding Crunch,” Profit by Pakistan Today, January 14, 2024, https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2024/01/14/how-sehat-kahani-came-out-the-other-side-of-the-funding-crunch/.
Saadega Khan, “Sehat Kahani Is Showing Pakistan That Digital Health Services Can Change Lives – for Both Patients and Doctors | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance,” www.gavi.org, January 3, 2023, https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/sehat-kahani-showing-pakistan-digital-health-services-can-change-lives-both
Healthwire, “Healthwire | Apki Sehat Hamari Tarjeeh,” healthwire.pk, 2015, https://healthwire.pk/about
September 24, 2024 Factsheets Comments Off on Revolutionising Healthcare: How Pakistani Start-ups can Lead the Health-Tech Wave